Ambien is a brand name for zolpidem, a prescription medication belonging to a class of drugs known as sedative-hypnotics. It acts primarily on the central nervous system by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a chemical transmitter in the brain that inhibits neural activity. By slowing down brain function, zolpidem helps individuals who struggle with sleep initiate rest more easily. Ambien is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance due to the potential for misuse, dependence, and health risks associated with unmonitored use.